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Efficiency of Removal of Cadmium from Aqueous Solutions by Plant Leaves and the Effects of Interaction of Combinations of Leaves on Their Removal Efficiency

Journal Title, Volume, Page: 
Journal of Environmental Management Volume 87, Issue 3, May 2008, Pages 521–532
Year of Publication: 
2008
Authors: 
R. Salim
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
M. Al-Subu
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
Current Affiliation: 
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
E. Dawod
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
Preferred Abstract (Original): 

Removal of cadmium from aqueous solutions using 20 species of plant leaves and combinations of these leaves have been studied. Several factors affecting the removal efficiency have been studied. The most efficient types of plant leaves for the removal of cadmium are those of styrax, plum, pomegranate and walnut. The interaction effect of the combined leaf samples on the efficiency of removal of cadmium has been found to be additive in combinations involving styrax plant leaves but seems to be antagonistic in all other combinations. The optimum experimental conditions for removal of cadmium have been found to be at pH 4.1, using high concentrations of naturally dried plant leaves, using ground leaves and to remove cadmium from agitated aqueous solutions. The percentage of metal removed at an initial cadmium concentration of 10 mg/l by the most efficient types of leaves have been found to be 85% for styrax leaves, 85% for plum leaves, 80% for pomegranate leaves, 78% for walnut leaves and 77% for meddler leaves. The presence of foreign ions or complexing agents has been found to reduce the efficiency of removal of cadmium by plant leaves. About 80–85% of the cadmium in charged plant leaves has been released under the influence of changing the pH of the solution, addition of competing ions and the addition of EDTA. The results of removal of cadmium by plant leaves have been found to follow the Freundlich adsorption isotherm, first-order reaction with respect to cadmium and to have intra-pore diffusion as the rate-limiting step.

Ibrahim Diab Abu-Shqair's picture

Removal of Dissolved Copper from Polluted Water Using Plant Leaves

Journal Title, Volume, Page: 
Rev. Int. Contam. Ambient. 17 (2) 91-95
Year of Publication: 
2001
Authors: 
Ibrahim Diab Abu-Shqair
Department of Chemistry, An Najah National University, P. O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine
Current Affiliation: 
Department of Chemistry, An Najah National University, P. O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine
Mohammed M. Al-Subu
Department of Chemistry, An Najah National University, P. O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine
R. Salim
Department of Chemistry, An Najah National University, P. O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine
K. M. Swaileh
Department of Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Birzeit, Palestine
Preferred Abstract (Original): 
Removal of copper from polluted water by plant leaves was studied using 15 species. Copper was recovered in variable percentages depending on the species and pH value of the solution. Copper recovery from a 20 mg/L copper solution ranged between 88% (in poplar leaves) and 33% (in oak leaves). For all leaves studied, maximum copper recoveries were found to be between pH 4 and 6 depending on the plant species. At pH 2 the copper was not removed by the plant leaves studied. Adsorption was suggested as the main mechanism for the reaction between copper ions and plant leaves with a reaction order equal to one.
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