Capparidaceae (Capparis
spinosa), is a common perennial shrub and woody plant, typically Mediterranean,
largely used in folk medicine in the Mediterranean countries including Morocco.
The effect of Capparis Spinosa (CSE) on the corrosion inhibition of carbon
steel in 1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution was evaluated by several
analytical methods, among these are weight loss method, potentiodynamic
polarization and impedance spectroscopy (EIS).
Results showed that CSE inhibits the
corrosion of steel and the inhibition is more efficient at high concentration
of CSE. Results also showed that, the inhibition decrease at higher
temperature. Potentiodynamic polarization studies clearly reveal that
CSE acts as a cathodic inhibitor. The adsorption of Capparis Spinosa on carbon
steel was found to obey the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The activation
energies and enthalpies of the corrosion process of carbon steel in acidic medium
of CSE were also calculated.
Heavy metals are persistent pollutants in the environment. Problems associated with the cleanup of sites contaminated by metals have demonstrated the need to develop remediation technologies that are feasible, quick, and effective in a wide range of physical settings. In this study we have investigated the adsorption of Cu (II), onto red soil in single and multi-element systems as a function of soil and heavy metal concentrations. Before contamination, soils were characterized to determine particle size, pH, organic matter ...
In this work, different treatment methods for wastewater from textile washing operations in the Palestinian territories were studied. The goal of the treatment process was to enable the textile industry to reuse the wastewater in textile washing through simple, efficient, and cost-effective methodologies. Actual textile wastewater samples from local textile factories were used and were found to be highly polluted. The study focused on three main processes; sedimentation, coagulation, and adsorption. While sedimentation was found to reduce the total suspended solids (TSS) of the wastewater, coagulation had the additional advantages of lowering the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and achieving higher filtration rates. Four coagulants were tested, ferric chloride, ferrous sulfate plus lime, aluminum sulfate, and aluminum sulfate plus lime. While ferric chloride failed to perform effectively as a coagulant, the other three coagulants were fairly effective. Finally, to further lower the COD of post-coagulation treated water, adsorption using activated carbon was studied. It was found that carbon was effective in reducing the COD of the wastewater using reasonable quantities, where up to 98% COD reduction was achieved using 6 g carbon/L.
From an environmental engineering point of view, pharmaceuticals such as antibiotics are a group of man-made chemicals of concern entering the environment in concentrations at which, the health effects are unknown. The problem that may be created by the presence of antibiotics at low concentrations in the environment is the development of antibiotic resistant microorganisms. In this study, three pharmaceutical drugs manufactured in Palestine were studied in waste water and their adsorption in agriculture soil was studied using soil columns. During the study of soil columns, it was noted that the concentration of caffeine in leachate was higher than that of ibuprofen and amoxicillin, as caffeine has higher aqueous solubility. Ibuprofen and amoxicillin were present in leachate with very small concentrations, due to their degradation and decomposition into other substances that may be harmful, and affect the natural properties of soil, groundwater and human health. The decomposition percentages of the pharmaceuticals in the soil columns were 97.82, 97.88 and 86.52% for amoxicillin, ibuprofen and caffeine for one year’s study, respectively. For the fifteen years, the decomposition percentages were 94.04, 96.60 and 93.70% for amoxicillin, ibuprofen and caffeine, respectively.
Phenolic organic compounds are extremely highly generated from many resources which disposed to sewerage system without treatments that increase the risk of contaminating water resources. This study is focused on preparing and studying the properties of activated carbon produced from cypress fruit by chemically activation using phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4) as an activating agent. The activated carbon used to adsorb p-nitrophenol (PNP) from the aqueous solution. Result show that the activated carbon produces from cypress fruit gives good percentage yields which reach up to 51.8%. Surface area determined by iodine number showed 524.1m 2 /g. The adsorptive properties of CFAC were investigated in terms of adsorbent dose, PNP concentration, pH, and temperature and contact time in a batch system. Results indicate that the optimum percent of PNP removal 90.9 % when adsorbent dosage 0.3g and PNP concentration 80mg/L and percentage removal of PNP increase when the concentration of PNP decrease which maximum percentage removal reach 93.2% when PNP concentration 20mg/L and 0.1g CFAC. The effect of temperature on adsorption by CFAC has also been investigated in the range of 15-45 °C. The results indicate that the temperature slightly affected effectiveness of CFAC adsorption. The results showed that equilibrium time for PNP adsorption is 150min, but most the adsorption attained within the first ten minute. Results investigate that the produced cypress fruit activated carbon (CFAC) adsorption equilibrium is represented by both Frenundlich and Langmuir equilibrium model, but Langmuir model describe very well the adsorption. The main properties of Langmuir equation can be expressed in term of separation factor, R L . The R L equal 0.053 that indicate the adsorption favorable.
A new silica gel material covalently bonded with 1-(furan-2-yl) imine (SiNFn) was synthesized and well characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, 13C NMR of the solid state, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm, BET surface area, B.J.H. pore sizes, thermogravimetry analyser (TGA) curves, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The new chelating surface exhibits good chemical and thermal stability. The synthesized SiNFn was investigated as an adsorbent for removal of Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution. The determination of metal ions was carried out on FAAS using batch method. The adsorption capacity was investigated using kinetics and pH effects. The preliminary results show that the new material present high adsorption toward copper compared to others described sorbents.
A new silica gel material covalently bonded with 1-(furan-2-yl) imine (SiNFn) was synthesized and well characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, 13C NMR of the solid state, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm, BET surface area, B.J.H. pore sizes, thermogravimetry analyser (TGA) curves, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The new chelating surface exhibits good chemical and thermal stability. The synthesized SiNFn was investigated as an adsorbent for removal of Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution. The determination of metal ions was carried out on FAAS using batch method. The adsorption capacity was investigated using kinetics and pH effects. The preliminary results show that the new material present high adsorption toward copper compared to others described sorbents.