An-Najah Staff

Nickel may be a potential cause of damage to plant and a health hazard to man by being transferred to him through plant. In this study the effect of nickel treatment on the growth of egg‐plant has been studied. Both root‐applied treatment and foliar‐applied treatment have been used. The effect of nickel treatment on the nickel concentration in the various parts of plant has been studied. The effect of nickel treatment on the total nickel content of the various parts of plant and the percentage of this nickel content from the total nickel content of the whole plant has been also looked into.

This research was conducted to investigate the effect of utilization mixture of some agricultural by - products silage (poultry manure, wheat straw, tomato fruits) on the visceral organ mass of Awassi lambs. A total of 20 Awassi lambs an average body weight of 21.5Kg. were used in this experiment. Lambs were divided into four groups of five lambs each. Lambs in the first group were fed a commercial concentrate feed mixture . Lambs in the second, third and fourth groups were with fed the commercial concentrate feed beside silage with rate of 15, 30 and 45%, respectively. Silage was fed instead of the same amounts of the concentrate feed. Lambs were fed their rations individually for 60 days. Type of diet had growth performance and variable effects on visceral organs. Lambs fed diet containing 15% silage appeared to heavier (P<0.05) trachea and lowest (P<0.05) weight of kidney compared to lambs in other groups. Also, they had the lowest (PO.05) weights of the omasum wet tissue, omasum and abomasums wet and dry contents. However lambs fed 45% silage diet had the heaviest (p<0.05) weights of the above items.

Several factors affecting the growth and the metal uptake of pepper plants treated with cadmium solutions have been studied. These include concentration of cadmium, type of treatment, type of soil, plant species, and some properties of solutions used for treatment such as acidity, degree of salinity and temperature.
Cadmium had an obvious effect on the growth of pepper plants. Foliar‐treated plants were affected more than root‐treated plants. The least degree of growth‐inhibition and of cadmium uptake was found in plants grown in soils with high organic matter content. Various species of pepper plants acted very differently towards cadmium treatment. Both growth‐inhibition and cadmium uptake was increased in plants treated with acidic, saline and hot solutions.

Several factors affecting the growth and the uptake of cadmium by okra plants were studied using both root ‐ treatment and foliar ‐ treatment. These factors were the concentration of cadmium , type of treatment, soil composition, presence of foreign ions, salinity, acidity and temperature.
Both growth of plant and cadmium uptake by plant were affected highly by the concentration of cadmium, type of treatment, soil composition, salinity and temperature. Acidity of solutions has only a little and irregular effect. A synergistic combined effect of lead, copper and zinc with cadmium was observed on the growth of plant but not regular on the uptake of cadmium.

The effect of root‐treatment of cauliflower, spinach, and parsley plants with lead and cadmium were studied. Both metal ions showed obvious growth inhibition of treated plants with cadmium having higher toxicity on growth than lead.
Cadmium was more concentrated in the edible parts of the three treated plants whereas lead was more concentrated in the edible parts of cauliflower and spinach plants only.
Metal ion concentrations and total metal ion content of treated plants increased with the increase of concentration of cadmium or lead ions in solutions used for treatment. The uptake of metal ion per unit concentration decreased in treated plants with the increase of concentration of cadmium or lead ions in solutions used for treatment.
Metal ion concentration and metal uptake were higher in the plants treated with cadmium than those treated with lead.

Toxicity of cadmium and lead on the growth of carrot plants has been studied. Cadmium has been found to be more toxic than lead especially on the shoots of carrot plants.
Foliar treatment has been compared with root‐treatment for the two elements on carrots and on their roots and shoots.
Concentrations and total contents of lead and cadmium in whole plant in roots and in shoots have been determined for treated carrot plants and compared in root‐treatment with foliar‐treatment. Explanations have been suggested whenever possible to illucidate the results obtained.
Percentages of the metals taken by plants from the whole amounts of metal added during treatment have been calculated and related to type of metal used, concentration of metal in solutions used for treatment and the way of treatment.

In this study the effects of root and foliar treatments of marrow plants with cadmium and lead solutions on the growth of the various parts of plant (roots, stem, leaves and fruits) have been studied. Growth inhibition of the various parts of treated plants has been compared with each other and for the two types of treatment. The toxicity of cadmium on the growth of plant has been compared with the toxicity of lead on the various parts of plants treated by root or by foliar‐treatment with metal ions.
Cadmium and lead uptake by plants and the distribution of this uptake between the various parts of treated plants have been determined and commented on.
Percentages of cadmium or lead taken by plant from the total amount of cadmium or lead added during treatment have been calculated and found to be very small. This percentage has been found to be higher in foliar‐treated plants and from dilute solutions than in root‐treated plants and from more concentrated cadmium or lead solutions.