Hordeum vulgare | An-Najah Staff

The Resistance to Leaf Rust and Powdery Mildew of Recombinant Liines of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Tue, 2014-02-04 14:09 — Munqez Jamil Yacoub Shtaya

Journal Title, Volume, Page:

Plant Breeding Volume 126, Issue 3, pages 259–267

Year of Publication:

2007

Link:

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2007.01328.x/abstract

Authors:

M. J. Y. Shtaya

Present address: Faculty of Agriculture, An-Najah National University, PO Box 707, Nablus, Palestine

Current Affiliation:

Department of Plant Production and Protection,Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine

[email protected]

J. C. Sillero

CIFA, Alameda Del Obispo, IFAPA-CICE, Apdo. 3092, E-14080 Córdoba, Spain

K. Flath

Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Plant Protection in Field Crops and Grassland, D-14532 Kleinmachnow, Germany

R. Pickering

New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, New Zealand

D. Rubiales

Institute of Sustainable Agriculture, CSIC, Apdo. 4084, E-14080 Córdoba, Spain

Preferred Abstract (Original):

A set of 23 recombinant lines (RLs) of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) derived from H. vulgare × H. bulbosum L. crosses was inoculated with barley leaf rust (Puccinia hordei) and powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei) at the seedling stage to identify their levels and mechanisms of resistance. Eight RLs were studied further in glasshouse and field tests. All three barley parents (‘Emir’, ‘Golden Promise’ and ‘Vada’) were highly susceptible to powdery mildew and leaf rust isolates. Several RLs showed partial resistance expressed as high relative latency periods and low relative infection frequencies against leaf rust. This high level of partial resistance was due to a very high level of early aborting colonies without host cell necrosis. Several RLs showed hypersensitive resistance to some or all isolates. For powdery mildew, one RL was completely resistant to the CC1 isolate and had a hypersensitive resistance to the CO-02 isolate. Three RLs derived from ‘Emir’ were completely resistant to both powdery mildew isolates, and three more RLs tested in the field had higher levels of partial resistance than their parents. The results indicate that H. bulbosum contains major and minor gene(s) for resistance to leaf rust and powdery mildew that can be transferred to cultivated barley.

Expression Conservation within the Circadian Clock of a Monocot: Natural Variation at Barley Ppd-H1 Affects Circadian Expression of Flowering Time Genes, but Not Clock Orthologs

Tue, 2012-09-04 10:39 — Munqez Jamil Yacoub Shtaya

Journal Title, Volume, Page:

Campoli et al. BMC Plant Biology, 12:97

Year of Publication:

2012

Link:

http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/12/97

Authors:

Munqez Shtaya

Faculty of Agriculture, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine

Current Affiliation:

Department of Plant Production and Protection,Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, An Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine

[email protected]

Chiara Campol

Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl von Linné Weg 10, D50829 Cologne, Germany

[email protected]

Seth J Davis

Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl von Linné Weg 10, D50829 Cologne, Germany

[email protected]

Maria von Korff

Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl von Linné Weg 10, D50829 Cologne, Germany

[email protected]

Preferred Abstract (Original):

Background The circadian clock is an endogenous mechanism that coordinates biological processes with daily changes in the environment. In plants, circadian rhythms contribute to both agricultural productivity and evolutionary fitness. In barley, the photoperiod response regulator and flowering-time gene Ppd-H1 is orthologous to the Arabidopsis core-clock gene PRR7. However, relatively little is known about the role of Ppd-H1 and other components of the circadian clock in temperate crop species. In this study, we identified barley clock orthologs and tested the effects of natural genetic variation at Ppd-H1 on diurnal and circadian expression of clock and output genes from the photoperiod-response pathway . Results Barley clock orthologs HvCCA1, HvGI, HvPRR1, HvPRR37 (Ppd-H1), HvPRR73, HvPRR59 and HvPRR95 showed a high level of sequence similarity and conservation of diurnal and circadian expression patterns, when compared to Arabidopsis. The natural mutation at Ppd-H1 did not affect diurnal or circadian cycling of barley clock genes. However, the Ppd-H1 mutant was found to be arrhythmic under free-running conditions for the photoperiod-response genes HvCO1, HvCO2, and the MADS-box transcription factor and vernalization responsive gene Vrn-H1. Conclusion We suggest that the described eudicot clock is largely conserved in the monocot barley. However, genetic differentiation within gene families and differences in the function of Ppd-H1 suggest evolutionary modification in the angiosperm clock. Our data indicates that natural variation at Ppd-H1 does not affect the expression level of clock genes, but controls photoperiodic output genes. Circadian control of Vrn-H1 in barley suggests that this vernalization responsive gene is also controlled by the photoperiod-response pathway. Structural and functional characterization of the barley circadian clock will set the basis for future studies of the adaptive significance of the circadian clock in Triticeae species.