An-Najah Staff

Olive cake is one of the most available by-products of local farming in Palestine, estimated at 36,000 tons/year (Ministry of Agriculture 1999). This amount is of great importance as a potential feed component when used at certain levels in livestock rations. The feeding costs in Palestine make up more than 70% of the total production costs in any livestock operation. Therefore, it is highly recommended to incorporate raw materials and farm by-products in ration formulation as possible (Shqueir and Qawasmi, 1994).