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Novel Pd(II)–Salen Complexes Showing High in Vitro Anti-Proliferative Effects Against Human Hepatoma Cancer By Modulating Specific Regulatory Genes

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Thu, 2013-03-14 17:13 — Ismail Warad
Journal Title, Volume, Page: 
Dalton Transactions, 2012,41, 10854-10864, DOI: 10.1039/C2DT31143G
Year of Publication: 
2012
Link: 
http://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2012/dt/c2dt31143g
Authors: 
Mohammad Azam
Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, KSA
[email protected]
Zahid Hussain
Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA
Ismail Warad
Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, KSA
Current Affiliation: 
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
[email protected]
Saud I. Al-Resayes
Department of Chemistry, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, KSA
Mohd. Shahnawaz Khan
PRC, Department of Biochemistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, KSA
Mohammad Shakir
Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India
Agata Trzesowska-Kruszynskae
Department of X-ray Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Technical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
Rafal Kruszynski
Department of X-ray Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry, Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Technical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 116, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
Preferred Abstract (Original): 
We have reported the synthesis of a novel salen ligand and its mononuclear Pd–salen complexes derived from 2-{[2-hydroxy-3-{[(E)-(2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]amino}propyl)imino]methyl}phenol. The newly synthesized and isolated Pd(II) complexes have been identified and fully characterized by various physico-chemical studies viz., elemental analyses, IR, UV-Vis, 1H, 13C NMR spectroscopy, electron spray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and TGA/DTA studies. The molecular structure of the salen ligand has been ascertained by single-crystal XRD and it is coordinated to Pd(II) ion through two nitrogen and two oxygen atoms. The UV-Vis data clearly suggest a square-planar environment around both the Pd(II) ions. The DNA binding studies of the synthesized compounds has been investigated by electron spectroscopy and fluorescence measurements. The results suggest that Pd(II) complexes bind to DNA strongly as compared to the free ligand. The free salen ligand and its Pd(II) complexes have also been tested against human hepatoma cancer cell line (Huh7) and results manifested exceptional anti-proliferative effects of the Pd(II) complexes. The anti-proliferative activity of Pd(II) complexes has been modulated by specific regulatory genes.