An-Najah Staff

The rising of Islamic streams in the Political Egyptian scene after the revolution of the 25th January 2011 affected the attention of the politicians and it became phenomenon of research for a big number of researchers, because it has an effect on the political map of Egypt. It also has its effect on the political rules, both, regionally and internationally. This study had extraordinary value because it shed light on the nature of relationship between two Islamic factions with the same Ideology and the same political project. In addition to the analysis of the causes of its failure to govern after the 25th January 2011 revolution. The researcher depended on historical and analytical methods to figure out the reasons which led to the failure of the democratic change in the Egyptian scene after the rebellion. The chapters of this study light on and analyzed the phenomenon. The first chapter concentrated on the democratic process in Egypt before the revolution. The researcher dealt with the obstacles that faced the Egyptian democratic change. He also shed light on the political and constitutional life before the rebellion. He also showed that there were glimpses of democracy before the rebellion, though most politicians agreed that it was a chaotic democracy. In the second chapter, the researcher explained with details the relationship between the different arms of the Salafist currents and the Muslim brothers and its arm after the rebellion. This relationship locked stable; in the beginning it was a kind of cooperation but, by the time, it became a relationship of disagreement a new even enmity, especially after the losing reign after the rebellion of 30th June 2013.This kind of relationship was marked with the disorder between the Salafist currents themselves in their way of treatment with the Muslim brothers resulting from the absence of unity between Salafist currents themselves. The third chapter, which was a core and a conclusion of the study, dealt with the effect of this relationship on the democratic change in Egypt. It also studied the effect of this relationship on the pillars of modernization embodied in democracy, human rights and the sovereignty of the constitution. The researcher also dealt with the challenges and obstacles that prevented the democratic movement in Egypt under the Islamic movements. This research came to the following conclusions: The misunderstanding between the Islamic movements in Egypt made Egypt lose the historical chance in making or creating a real democratic change under the leadership of Islamic forces. That’s because of its vibration and confusion, to say nothing of the attempts and obstacles caused by the deep forces. The strong military forces effect on the political sight also played a vital role. In the end, the regional and international intervention also played a vital role.