Preferred Abstract (Original):
Tourism
in general and international tourism in specific as one of the main growing
industry in the world has encountered many challenges in recent years. The
issues include the terrorist attacks of 11 September 2001, global diseases like
SARS, bird flu and H1N1, and the war in the Middle East as well as years of
rising energy prices. Unlike natural diseases or terrorist attacks, climate
change is not a short-term apprehension for tourism industry and its effect
cannot be quickly forgotten. Climatic change consequences always have serious
effects particularly if climate-sensitive tourism has major economic importance
for the country. The objective of this paper is to study the impacts of climate
change in Malaysia and the adaptation to control the probable decrease of
tourist arrivals. The major climate change impacts are loss of natural
attractions; increase of flooding risk; damage to tourism infrastructure, loss
of natural attractions and species from destinations, loss of archaeological
assets and other natural resources, and impacts on destination attractions,
increased coral bleaching and marine resource and aesthetics degradation in
dive and snorkel destinations, coastal erosion, loss of beach area, and higher
costs to protect and maintain waterfronts. The adaptations includes Water
(management, quality, availability), Agriculture, Fisheries (food security),
Energy (supply and distribution), Human Health (malaria, dengue, asthma),
Marine and Terrestrial Biodiversity and Infrastructure and Settlement
Tourism as A Victim of Climate Change, Adaptation & Mitigation: Case of
Malaysia as A Vulnerable